| You need a browser with JavaScript support in order to view the molecule in 3D |
|
Transitions — Left-clk & drag: Zoom; Right-clk: reset |
|
νk [cm-1] |
λ [μm] |
int [km/mol] |
symm. | fscale |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3106 | 3.22 | 2.06 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3105 | 3.22 | 1.59 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3104 | 3.222 | 2.87 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3100 | 3.226 | 0.123 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3098 | 3.228 | 0.376 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3091 | 3.235 | 0.375 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3087 | 3.239 | 1.99 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3087 | 3.239 | 1.83 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3086 | 3.24 | 2.75 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3084 | 3.242 | 26.1 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3083 | 3.244 | 37.1 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3083 | 3.244 | 27.6 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3079 | 3.248 | 0.346 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3076 | 3.251 | 0.717 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3074 | 3.254 | 1.99 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3073 | 3.255 | 3.26 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3069 | 3.258 | 4.46 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3069 | 3.259 | 0.396 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3068 | 3.259 | 3.06 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3067 | 3.26 | 12.4 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3066 | 3.261 | 10.6 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3066 | 3.262 | 7.93 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3064 | 3.264 | 0.452 | A | 0.9597 |
| 3063 | 3.265 | 0.916 | A | 0.9597 |
| 1637 | 6.109 | 15 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1635 | 6.116 | 5.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1626 | 6.15 | 11.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1622 | 6.165 | 17.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1619 | 6.178 | 38 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1610 | 6.211 | 40.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1608 | 6.219 | 13.3 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1602 | 6.242 | 0.605 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1596 | 6.265 | 23.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1596 | 6.266 | 29.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1591 | 6.284 | 111 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1591 | 6.287 | 28.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1587 | 6.301 | 28.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1585 | 6.31 | 74.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1581 | 6.327 | 57.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1577 | 6.343 | 78.3 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1574 | 6.354 | 2.42 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1568 | 6.376 | 13.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1564 | 6.395 | 15 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1556 | 6.425 | 21.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1554 | 6.437 | 3.06 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1551 | 6.447 | 31 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1543 | 6.483 | 33.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1539 | 6.499 | 10.1 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1528 | 6.543 | 20.6 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1521 | 6.575 | 8.73 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1516 | 6.595 | 32.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1511 | 6.618 | 45.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1507 | 6.634 | 27.1 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1503 | 6.653 | 2.56 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1499 | 6.671 | 36.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1492 | 6.701 | 33.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1489 | 6.715 | 58.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1484 | 6.739 | 41.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1479 | 6.761 | 0.67 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1470 | 6.802 | 63.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1469 | 6.809 | 5.62 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1465 | 6.825 | 14.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1462 | 6.84 | 7.82 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1460 | 6.847 | 6.55 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1458 | 6.86 | 11 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1457 | 6.864 | 8.87 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1453 | 6.881 | 0.33 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1449 | 6.902 | 0.0077 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1443 | 6.93 | 47.1 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1438 | 6.953 | 5.91 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1436 | 6.966 | 21.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1431 | 6.987 | 12.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1430 | 6.992 | 9.85 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1429 | 6.997 | 5.68 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1424 | 7.024 | 0.224 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1419 | 7.049 | 5.27 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1414 | 7.07 | 0.233 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1412 | 7.082 | 22.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1409 | 7.098 | 2.55 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1404 | 7.125 | 14.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1401 | 7.136 | 11.3 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1400 | 7.141 | 1.79 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1398 | 7.152 | 10.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1394 | 7.172 | 0.483 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1394 | 7.174 | 2.69 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1391 | 7.187 | 11.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1390 | 7.193 | 45.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1388 | 7.205 | 14.6 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1384 | 7.223 | 10.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1382 | 7.234 | 9.65 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1377 | 7.264 | 1.11 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1374 | 7.277 | 28.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1372 | 7.289 | 28.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1370 | 7.301 | 10.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1364 | 7.334 | 23.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1363 | 7.338 | 36.1 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1362 | 7.343 | 14.6 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1361 | 7.349 | 4.22 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1355 | 7.378 | 17.7 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1355 | 7.382 | 0.29 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1351 | 7.402 | 12.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1348 | 7.419 | 1.04 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1345 | 7.435 | 0.764 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1343 | 7.446 | 15 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1340 | 7.464 | 138 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1330 | 7.516 | 31.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1328 | 7.532 | 1.86 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1324 | 7.554 | 12 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1323 | 7.558 | 22.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1319 | 7.581 | 15.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1315 | 7.605 | 31.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1308 | 7.645 | 2.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1301 | 7.685 | 37.6 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1297 | 7.709 | 66.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1294 | 7.731 | 9.06 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1288 | 7.765 | 7.26 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1283 | 7.792 | 13.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1280 | 7.813 | 26.3 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1272 | 7.862 | 52.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1268 | 7.887 | 26.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1267 | 7.891 | 13.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1262 | 7.925 | 9.74 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1246 | 8.025 | 80.5 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1233 | 8.113 | 53.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1225 | 8.163 | 3.03 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1218 | 8.209 | 7.21 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1216 | 8.222 | 17.6 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1215 | 8.233 | 20.3 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1212 | 8.252 | 2.65 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1210 | 8.266 | 2.67 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1207 | 8.287 | 8.27 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1205 | 8.299 | 3.9 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1201 | 8.327 | 52.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1190 | 8.401 | 4.28 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1190 | 8.407 | 27.1 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1187 | 8.428 | 3.49 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1183 | 8.452 | 3.64 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1181 | 8.467 | 12.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1173 | 8.522 | 6.14 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1168 | 8.562 | 3.38 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1166 | 8.574 | 48.4 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1165 | 8.584 | 22 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1162 | 8.607 | 28.8 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1160 | 8.62 | 6.45 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1151 | 8.685 | 22.6 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1137 | 8.797 | 1.86 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1134 | 8.819 | 45.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1127 | 8.87 | 23.2 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1122 | 8.915 | 9.41 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1115 | 8.971 | 7.84 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1102 | 9.071 | 0.551 | A | 0.9691 |
| 1085 | 9.217 | 5.21 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1082 | 9.243 | 4.21 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1079 | 9.27 | 23.1 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1077 | 9.288 | 11 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1055 | 9.483 | 0.235 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1051 | 9.514 | 4.67 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1048 | 9.546 | 1.24 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1045 | 9.565 | 0.844 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1043 | 9.589 | 0.843 | A | 0.9794 |
| 1035 | 9.662 | 2.07 | A | 0.9794 |
| 980.6 | 10.2 | 0.386 | A | 0.9794 |
| 979.2 | 10.21 | 0.12 | A | 0.9794 |
| 977.4 | 10.23 | 0.0353 | A | 0.9794 |
| 975.7 | 10.25 | 0.0701 | A | 0.9794 |
| 974.6 | 10.26 | 0.0994 | A | 0.9794 |
| 972.6 | 10.28 | 0.0038 | A | 0.9794 |
| 970.2 | 10.31 | 0.125 | A | 0.9794 |
| 966.2 | 10.35 | 1.16 | A | 0.9794 |
| 945.2 | 10.58 | 2.21 | A | 0.9794 |
| 943 | 10.6 | 1.53 | A | 0.9794 |
| 930.7 | 10.74 | 2.36 | A | 0.9794 |
| 921.7 | 10.85 | 0.247 | A | 0.9794 |
| 916.8 | 10.91 | 118 | A | 0.9794 |
| 914.1 | 10.94 | 2.56 | A | 0.9794 |
| 913.4 | 10.95 | 6.37 | A | 0.9794 |
| 912.6 | 10.96 | 3.01 | A | 0.9794 |
| 901.5 | 11.09 | 53.8 | A | 0.9794 |
| 899.9 | 11.11 | 40.2 | A | 0.9794 |
| 888.6 | 11.25 | 0.422 | A | 0.9794 |
| 887.2 | 11.27 | 0.0083 | A | 0.9794 |
| 886.4 | 11.28 | 42.1 | A | 0.9794 |
| 886.1 | 11.28 | 0.421 | A | 0.9794 |
| 879.5 | 11.37 | 0.527 | A | 0.9794 |
| 871.6 | 11.47 | 10.5 | A | 0.9794 |
| 865.6 | 11.55 | 30.9 | A | 0.9794 |
| 861.5 | 11.61 | 8.22 | A | 0.9794 |
| 856.4 | 11.68 | 8.39 | A | 0.9794 |
| 846.8 | 11.81 | 4.82 | A | 0.9794 |
| 830.1 | 12.05 | 0.608 | A | 0.9794 |
| 829 | 12.06 | 0.0954 | A | 0.9794 |
| 828.3 | 12.07 | 0.197 | A | 0.9794 |
| 811.1 | 12.33 | 37.7 | A | 0.9794 |
| 810.9 | 12.33 | 4.6 | A | 0.9794 |
| 804.9 | 12.42 | 0.598 | A | 0.9794 |
| 803.7 | 12.44 | 0.122 | A | 0.9794 |
| 799.8 | 12.5 | 15.4 | A | 0.9794 |
| 798.9 | 12.52 | 0.689 | A | 0.9794 |
| 796.2 | 12.56 | 12.4 | A | 0.9794 |
| 796.2 | 12.56 | 0.148 | A | 0.9794 |
| 794.6 | 12.58 | 10.1 | A | 0.9794 |
| 792.8 | 12.61 | 0.641 | A | 0.9794 |
| 782 | 12.79 | 0.109 | A | 0.9794 |
| 779.5 | 12.83 | 0.146 | A | 0.9794 |
| 778 | 12.85 | 0.499 | A | 0.9794 |
| 776.6 | 12.88 | 0.11 | A | 0.9794 |
| 753.3 | 13.27 | 0.197 | A | 0.9794 |
| 747.4 | 13.38 | 0.319 | A | 0.9794 |
| 746.4 | 13.4 | 3.82 | A | 0.9794 |
| 742.6 | 13.47 | 0.763 | A | 0.9794 |
| 740.7 | 13.5 | 0.0106 | A | 0.9794 |
| 734 | 13.62 | 0.0068 | A | 0.9794 |
| 733.1 | 13.64 | 0.0021 | A | 0.9794 |
| 728.9 | 13.72 | 0.839 | A | 0.9794 |
| 726.6 | 13.76 | 0.0196 | A | 0.9794 |
| 723.2 | 13.83 | 0.153 | A | 0.9794 |
| 719.4 | 13.9 | 0.0746 | A | 0.9794 |
| 716 | 13.97 | 0.832 | A | 0.9794 |
| 715.7 | 13.97 | 0.566 | A | 0.9794 |
| 715.6 | 13.97 | 0.0076 | A | 0.9794 |
| 713.1 | 14.02 | 2.39 | A | 0.9794 |
| 708.7 | 14.11 | 0.729 | A | 0.9794 |
| 707.8 | 14.13 | 0.176 | A | 0.9794 |
| 705.8 | 14.17 | 0.444 | A | 0.9794 |
| 697.9 | 14.33 | 0.743 | A | 0.9794 |
| 677.2 | 14.77 | 0.0137 | A | 0.9794 |
| 669.9 | 14.93 | 1.25 | A | 0.9794 |
| 668.1 | 14.97 | 1.81 | A | 0.9794 |
| 661.3 | 15.12 | 0.0817 | A | 0.9794 |
| 658.3 | 15.19 | 0.0108 | A | 0.9794 |
| 652.7 | 15.32 | 0.231 | A | 0.9794 |
| 652.3 | 15.33 | 0.0008 | A | 0.9794 |
| 648.7 | 15.41 | 0.203 | A | 0.9794 |
| 646.9 | 15.46 | 0.795 | A | 0.9794 |
| 646.9 | 15.46 | 0.278 | A | 0.9794 |
| 644.3 | 15.52 | 0.163 | A | 0.9794 |
| 638.7 | 15.66 | 0.358 | A | 0.9794 |
| 635.9 | 15.73 | 0.0167 | A | 0.9794 |
| 633.8 | 15.78 | 0.6 | A | 0.9794 |
| 632.9 | 15.8 | 0.23 | A | 0.9794 |
| 631.5 | 15.83 | 0.729 | A | 0.9794 |
| 629.8 | 15.88 | 0.206 | A | 0.9794 |
| 628.1 | 15.92 | 0.0278 | A | 0.9794 |
| 627.8 | 15.93 | 0.0606 | A | 0.9794 |
| 624.9 | 16 | 2.74 | A | 0.9794 |
| 610.5 | 16.38 | 0.0362 | A | 0.9794 |
| 608.8 | 16.43 | 0.543 | A | 0.9794 |
| 604.8 | 16.53 | 0.532 | A | 0.9794 |
| 604.4 | 16.55 | 3.8 | A | 0.9794 |
| 602.2 | 16.6 | 5.42 | A | 0.9794 |
| 597.1 | 16.75 | 3.12 | A | 0.9794 |
| 596.1 | 16.78 | 1.29 | A | 0.9794 |
| 592.2 | 16.89 | 0.0986 | A | 0.9794 |
| 590.3 | 16.94 | 0.343 | A | 0.9794 |
| 589.7 | 16.96 | 0.0457 | A | 0.9794 |
| 587.9 | 17.01 | 6.76 | A | 0.9794 |
| 587.3 | 17.03 | 6.31 | A | 0.9794 |
| 587 | 17.04 | 3.14 | A | 0.9794 |
| 583.7 | 17.13 | 0.162 | A | 0.9794 |
| 580.6 | 17.22 | 0.0064 | A | 0.9794 |
| 580.1 | 17.24 | 0.0898 | A | 0.9794 |
| 573.6 | 17.43 | 0.886 | A | 0.9794 |
| 570.1 | 17.54 | 9.21 | A | 0.9794 |
| 568.9 | 17.58 | 0.0988 | A | 0.9794 |
| 567.2 | 17.63 | 1.62 | A | 0.9794 |
| 564.1 | 17.73 | 2.32 | A | 0.9794 |
| 561.5 | 17.81 | 1.14 | A | 0.9794 |
| 556.8 | 17.96 | 0.0289 | A | 0.9794 |
| 552.4 | 18.1 | 0.329 | A | 0.9794 |
| 550.5 | 18.17 | 0.537 | A | 0.9794 |
| 543.9 | 18.39 | 0.253 | A | 0.9794 |
| 541 | 18.49 | 0.0408 | A | 0.9794 |
| 540.6 | 18.5 | 1.08 | A | 0.9794 |
| 539.6 | 18.53 | 1.05 | A | 0.9794 |
| 530.3 | 18.86 | 0.193 | A | 0.9794 |
| 513 | 19.49 | 0.0051 | A | 0.9794 |
| 507.9 | 19.69 | 0.0042 | A | 0.9794 |
| 507.4 | 19.71 | 0.302 | A | 0.9794 |
| 505.9 | 19.77 | 0.0606 | A | 0.9794 |
| 502.6 | 19.9 | 2.25 | A | 0.9794 |
| 500.7 | 19.97 | 4.41 | A | 0.9794 |
| 498.2 | 20.07 | 0.0638 | A | 0.9794 |
| 497.4 | 20.1 | 1.7 | A | 0.9794 |
| 490.2 | 20.4 | 0.149 | A | 0.9794 |
| 475.7 | 21.02 | 1.86 | A | 0.9794 |
| 452.1 | 22.12 | 0.137 | A | 0.9794 |
| 444.8 | 22.48 | 0.126 | A | 0.9794 |
| 443.8 | 22.53 | 0.0058 | A | 0.9794 |
| 441.6 | 22.65 | 0.0097 | A | 0.9794 |
| 440.3 | 22.71 | 0.318 | A | 0.9794 |
| 432.5 | 23.12 | 1.93 | A | 0.9794 |
| 431.3 | 23.19 | 3.81 | A | 0.9794 |
| 428.1 | 23.36 | 0.0002 | A | 0.9794 |
| 421.5 | 23.72 | 0.017 | A | 0.9794 |
| 419.3 | 23.85 | 0.0017 | A | 0.9794 |
| 411 | 24.33 | 0.0012 | A | 0.9794 |
| 409.5 | 24.42 | 0 | A | 0.9794 |
| 404.4 | 24.73 | 0.0023 | A | 0.9794 |
| 403 | 24.81 | 0.0042 | A | 0.9794 |
| 401.5 | 24.9 | 0.0004 | A | 0.9794 |
| 400.9 | 24.95 | 2.09 | A | 0.9794 |
| 399.5 | 25.03 | 8.74 | A | 0.9794 |
| 398.5 | 25.09 | 0.0021 | A | 0.9794 |
| 389.6 | 25.66 | 0.184 | A | 0.9794 |
| 387.5 | 25.8 | 0.609 | A | 0.9794 |
| 373.4 | 26.78 | 0.388 | A | 0.9794 |
| 373.2 | 26.79 | 0.0612 | A | 0.9794 |
| 364.7 | 27.42 | 0.907 | A | 0.9794 |
| 364.3 | 27.45 | 0.002 | A | 0.9794 |
| 359.2 | 27.84 | 2.21 | A | 0.9794 |
| 357.4 | 27.98 | 0.107 | A | 0.9794 |
| 351.4 | 28.46 | 0.0041 | A | 0.9794 |
| 333.8 | 29.96 | 0 | A | 0.9794 |
| 320.3 | 31.22 | 0.197 | A | 0.9794 |
| 317.2 | 31.53 | 0.383 | A | 0.9794 |
| 310.7 | 32.18 | 0.311 | A | 0.9794 |
| 310.3 | 32.23 | 0.464 | A | 0.9794 |
| 307.2 | 32.55 | 5.68 | A | 0.9794 |
| 296.5 | 33.73 | 0.0133 | A | 0.9794 |
| 295.4 | 33.85 | 0.0225 | A | 0.9794 |
| 294.2 | 33.99 | 0.187 | A | 0.9794 |
| 292.1 | 34.24 | 2.28 | A | 0.9794 |
| 274.1 | 36.48 | 0.0276 | A | 0.9794 |
| 273.1 | 36.61 | 0.0086 | A | 0.9794 |
| 265.3 | 37.7 | 0.464 | A | 0.9794 |
| 245.3 | 40.77 | 0.0051 | A | 0.9794 |
| 239.5 | 41.76 | 0.0016 | A | 0.9794 |
| 236 | 42.38 | 0.0057 | A | 0.9794 |
| 233.3 | 42.86 | 0.0803 | A | 0.9794 |
| 231.8 | 43.15 | 0.003 | A | 0.9794 |
| 212 | 47.16 | 0.0022 | A | 0.9794 |
| 203.6 | 49.12 | 5.77 | A | 0.9794 |
| 202.7 | 49.33 | 14.3 | A | 0.9794 |
| 199.8 | 50.05 | 0.0015 | A | 0.9794 |
| 199.2 | 50.19 | 0.0005 | A | 0.9794 |
| 188.6 | 53.03 | 0.631 | A | 0.9794 |
| 188.1 | 53.17 | 0.672 | A | 0.9794 |
| 174.5 | 57.32 | 0.0051 | A | 0.9794 |
| 173.2 | 57.74 | 0.0043 | A | 0.9794 |
| 170.5 | 58.66 | 0.214 | A | 0.9794 |
| 133.7 | 74.77 | 0.0258 | A | 0.9794 |
| 131.2 | 76.25 | 0.125 | A | 0.9794 |
| 128.4 | 77.86 | 3.33 | A | 0.9794 |
| 121 | 82.63 | 0.85 | A | 0.9794 |
| 118.8 | 84.15 | 0.661 | A | 0.9794 |
| 81.01 | 123.4 | 0.0011 | A | 0.9794 |
| 79.3 | 126.1 | 0.0186 | A | 0.9794 |
| 73.04 | 136.9 | 0.0062 | A | 0.9794 |
| 72.51 | 137.9 | 0.0072 | A | 0.9794 |
| 55.7 | 179.5 | 0.0329 | A | 0.9794 |
| 42.19 | 237 | 0.0662 | A | 0.9794 |
| 29.55 | 338.4 | 3.82 | A | 0.9794 |
| 22.69 | 440.6 | 0.0291 | A | 0.9794 |
| 22.34 | 447.7 | 0.018 | A | 0.9794 |
Note(s):
You are kindly asked to consider the following references for citation when using the database: